Coupled to this traditional framework, experts point more and more to the concept of energy resilience, which could be defined, in the simplest form, as the ability of an energy system to recover from adversity (Roege et al., 2014). In the traditional framework, energy security is discussed in terms of availability, affordability, accessibility, and acceptability. Many islands with tourism and hospitality dependent economies require high energy intensities to sustain these industries and others such as manufacturing and agriculture. The main energy utilization continues to be power generation and transportation sectors. Being heavily economically indebted, fuel importation takes a decisive toll on national budgets – for example, Palau (28% of GDP), Guyana (21%) and Maldives (19%) (2013 data, Raghoo et al., 2018). The vast majority of Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are net energy importers of fossil fuels and have historically been so (Timilsina & Shah, 2016 Niles & Lloyd, 2013). Biden Jr., School of Public Policy and Administration, University of Delaware Shah, Energy and Environmental Policy Program and the Island Policy Lab, Joseph R.
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